Detecting Lateral Movements in Windows OS Using Powershell: A Practical Cybersecurity Approach

Abstract

A crucial phase in a cyberattack's lifecycle is lateral movement, which allows attackers to move across a network to obtain sensitive information or elevate privileges. In Windows environments, where PowerShell, a potent scripting tool frequently used by attackers, plays a major role in carrying out these movements, detecting this step is very difficult. The study's goal is to identify the lateral movement stage of cyberattacks, which is one of the most important stages and involves the usage of PowerShell, the most frequently misused tool by hackers. We were able to analyze PowerShell activity alongside system and network traffic events, as well as endpoint security data, to prioritize investigations. Custom PowerShell scripts were created to both identify and recreate the occurrences to analyze these assaults. Our testing showed promise in identifying prevalent lateral movement strategies. Although we had trouble with some of the more sophisticated threats, our strategy generally worked with a low false alert rate. Among the advantages include accurate PowerShell analysis, effective detection, scripts that can be programmed and adjusted, and affordability. Limitations include reliance on trustworthy PowerShell logs, susceptibility to complex concealment techniques, and post-event discovery. However, our study offers a workable and realistic method for using PowerShell to identify lateral movement, and more advancements in this crucial area of cybersecurity are imminent. Keywords: Cyber Security, Threats, Lateral Movements, Power shell, Cyber Threats.